Test Prep for Nursing Exam about Renal or Kidney Diseases (26-30)

26. The client with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) has cloudy dialysate. Which of the following is the best initial nursing action?

a) send fluid to the laboratory for culture
b) administer antibiotic
c) do nothing, this is expected
d) stop drainage of fluid

27. Which of the following may be included in the diet of the client with chronic renal failure?

a) orange slices
b) watermelon slices
c) cantaloupe slices
d) apple slices

28. The client with chronic renal failure is on chronic hemodialysis. Which of the following indicate improvement of the client's condition due to hemodialysis? Select all that apply

a) the client's BP is 130/90
b) the client's serum potassium is 4.8 mEq/L
c) the client's hemoglobin level is 10 g/dL
d) the client's serum calcium is 7.7 mg/dL
f) the client's serum sodium is 140 mEg/L
g) the client's serum magnesium is 4 mEq/L
h) the client's weight has increased from 60 kg to 63 kg

29. The client is in end-stage renal failure (ESRD). Which of the following foods may be allowed for the client?

a) banana
b) apple
c) carrot cake
d) cantaloupe

30. The client has end-stage renal disease. He had undergone kidney transplant 5 days ago. Which of the following is the most important intervention for the client to prevent infection?

a) observe sepsis
b) increase fluid intake
c) avoid clients with flu
d) avoid crowded places



ANSWERS AND RATIONALE

26) A
- cloudy diasylate indicates infection (peritonitis). Culture of the fluid must be done to determine the microorganism present.

27) D
- the client with renal failure should be given low potassium diet because of hyperkalemia. Apple contains very little potassium. So, it can be given to the client.

28) A, B, E
- these values have normalized; therefore they indicate improvement of client's condition on chronic hemodialysis. As edema fluids are removed from the body, there should be decrease in weight. Hemodialysis does not affect hemoglobin levels.

29) B
- the client with ESRD should have low potassium diet to prevent hyperkalemia. Apple has very minimal potassium. Banana, carrot, cantaloupe are rich in potassium.

30) A
- asepsis is the most effective measure to prevent infection.


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